Delegation
Delegation is the process of assigning authority to subordinates while retaining ultimate responsibility for the task.
It allows managers to focus on strategic decisions while empowering employees to handle operational tasks.
Effective delegation requires clear communication of expectations and regular feedback.
Span of control
Span of control refers to the number of subordinates directly reporting to a manager.
It influences how closely managers can supervise their teams.
| Narrow span of control | Wide span of control |
|---|---|
| Fewer subordinates per manager. | More subordinates per manager. |
| Allows for close supervision but can lead to higher management costs. | Encourages autonomy but may overwhelm managers. |
Note
The optimal span of control depends on factors like the complexity of tasks, the experience of employees, and the management style.
Levels of hierarchy
Levels of hierarchy refer to the number of layers of management within an organization.
Organizations can be tall (many layers) or flat (few layers).
| Tall structures | Flat structures |
|---|---|
| More layers of management. | Fewer layers of management. |
| Clear lines of authority but slower communication. | Faster communication but may lack clear authority. |
Note
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