Keystone Species Are Critical for Ecosystem Stability
- Keystone species play a disproportionate role in maintaining the structure and stability of ecosystems.
- Removing a keystone species often triggers cascading effects that destabilize the ecosystem.
What Defines a Keystone Species?
- A keystone species has an impact on its ecosystem that is far greater than its abundance would suggest.
- Key Characteristics:
- Disproportionate Influence: Their impact outweighs their biomass or population size.
- Regulation of Ecosystem Dynamics: They control dominant species, promote biodiversity, and enhance ecosystem functions.
- Triggers Trophic Cascades: Their removal can alter food webs and ecological interactions.
The ochre sea star (Pisaster ochraceus) prevents mussels from dominating rocky shores, maintaining biodiversity.
Importance of Keystone Species
Keystone Species Control Dominant Species
Keystone species regulate populations that might otherwise dominate and outcompete others.
ExampleIn the absence of Pisaster, mussels like Mytilus californianus overpopulate, crowding out algae and other marine organisms.
Biodiversity Flourishes Under Keystone Species
By limiting competition, keystone species create conditions for a diverse range of species to coexist.
