IB Biology Topic D4.2.10 Effects of Microplastic and Macroplastic Pollution of the Oceans Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic D4.2.10 Effects of Microplastic and Macroplastic Pollution of the Oceans Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Plastic Pollution Persists for Centuries and Threatens Ocean Life

Plastics are durable synthetic polymers that resist degradation.
They fragment into smaller pieces but take hundreds to thousands of years to break down, so they persist in the ocean.
This persistence makes plastic a major threat to marine ecosystems.

Note

Almost every piece of plastic ever produced still exists in some form today.

Macroplastics Harm Marine Animals by Entanglement and Ingestion

Definition

Macroplastics

Large, visible debris such as fishing nets and ropes, plastic bottles, caps, and grocery bags.

Entanglement traps animals such as sea turtles and seals in fishing nets, causing injury or death.
Ingestion happens when animals mistake plastic for food and eat it.

Microplastics Are Tiny Particles With a Massive Reach

Definition

Microplastics

Plastic fragments smaller than 5 mm in size.

Microplastics are plastic pieces smaller than 5 mm.

Nice try, unfortunately this paywall isn't as easy to bypass as you think. Want to help devleop the site? Join the team at https://revisiondojo.com/join-us. exercitation voluptate cillum ullamco excepteur sint officia do tempor Lorem irure minim Lorem elit id voluptate reprehenderit voluptate laboris in nostrud qui non Lorem nostrud laborum culpa sit occaecat reprehenderit

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Plastic Pollution Persists for Centuries and Threatens Ocean Life

Plastics are durable synthetic polymers that resist degradation.
They fragment into smaller pieces but take hundreds to thousands of years to break down, so they persist in the ocean.
This persistence makes plastic a major threat to marine ecosystems.

Note

Almost every piece of plastic ever produced still exists in some form today.

Macroplastics Harm Marine Animals by Entanglement and Ingestion

Definition

Macroplastics

Large, visible debris such as fishing nets and ropes, plastic bottles, caps, and grocery bags.

Entanglement traps animals such as sea turtles and seals in fishing nets, causing injury or death.
Ingestion happens when animals mistake plastic for food and eat it.

Microplastics Are Tiny Particles With a Massive Reach

Definition

Microplastics

Plastic fragments smaller than 5 mm in size.

Microplastics are plastic pieces smaller than 5 mm.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic D4.2.10: Effects of Microplastic and Macroplastic Pollution of the Oceans Notes

Plastic Pollution Persists for Centuries and Threatens Ocean Life

Macroplastics Harm Marine Animals by Entanglement and Ingestion

Microplastics Are Tiny Particles With a Massive Reach

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Plastic Pollution Persists for Centuries and Threatens Ocean Life

Macroplastics Harm Marine Animals by Entanglement and Ingestion

Microplastics Are Tiny Particles With a Massive Reach

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics