Resistance and Resilience Are Key to Stability
Definition
Ecosystem Stability
Ecosystem stability is the ability of an ecosystem to maintain structure and function over time, even when faced with disturbances like climate change, natural disasters, or human activity. High biodiversity plays a critical role in promoting this stability.
- Resistance: The ability of an ecosystem to thrive despite disturbances without significant changes.
- Resilience: The ability of an ecosystem to recover quickly after a disturbance.
High Biodiversity Promotes Ecosystem Stability
- Redundancy: Multiple species perform similar roles, so if one species is lost, others can take over, preventing system collapse.
- Complex Interactions: Diverse ecosystems have predator-prey relationships, mutualisms, and competition that regulate populations and prevent imbalances.
- Genetic Diversity within Species: Populations with high genetic diversity are more resilient to diseases, climate changes, and environmental stress.
A genetically diverse population of trees is less likely to succumb entirely to pests and drought, ensuring the ecosystem remains functional.
ExampleCoral reefs with genetically diverse corals are more likely to survive bleaching events.
Exam technique- Mention redundancy, genetic diversity, and interactions when explaining biodiversity's role in stability.
- Use real world examples like coral reefs or tropical rainforests to strengthen your argument.
