Notes for D2.1.5 DNA replication as a prerequisite for both mitosis and meiosis - IB | RevisionDojo
D2.1.5 DNA replication as a prerequisite for both mitosis and meiosis Notes
DNA Replication Produces a Pair of Sister Chromatids Until Anaphase
Definition
DNA Replication
DNA replication is the biological process by which a cell copies its DNA to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic instructions during cell division. It is essential for growth, repair, and reproduction in living organisms.
DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, before mitosis or meiosis.
It transforms each chromosome into a pair of sister chromatids, held together by cohesin proteins until anaphase.
These chromatids separate during cell division, ensuring genetic continuity.
From chromosome to sister chromatid Hint
Anaphase is the third phase of the cell cycle (more in D2.1.13 and D2.1.14 for HL students)
Note
Without DNA replication, daughter cells would lack the full genetic blueprint, leading to malfunction or death.
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Questions
Recap questions
1 of 5
Question 1
Recap question
A variant of DNA polymerase lacks its 3′→5′ exonuclease proofreading activity but retains polymerization function. What is the primary effect on cells undergoing DNA replication?
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What happens to chromosomes after DNA replication?
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Note
Introduction to DNA Replication
DNA replication is the process of copying a cell's DNA before cell division.
It ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic instructions.
Occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.
DefinitionDNA ReplicationThe biological process by which a cell copies its DNA to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic instructions during cell division.
AnalogyThink of DNA replication like photocopying a blueprint - every detail must be exact to build the same structure.
