IB Biology Topic D2.1.3 Equal and Unequal Cytokinesis Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic D2.1.3 Equal and Unequal Cytokinesis Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Cytokinesis Can Split a Cell Equally or Unequally

Definition

Cytokinesis

Cytokinesis is the process of dividing the cytoplasm of a parent cell into two daughter cells.

What Cytokinesis Divides

Cytokinesis is the step that splits one cell into two after the nucleus has divided.
It shares out the cytoplasm and organelles between the two daughter cells.
That share can be roughly equal or clearly unequal, and that is the focus of this topic.

Analogy

Imagine dividing a pizza between two friends.
You could cut it evenly, or hand one person a much bigger share.
Cytokinesis works the same way with the cytoplasm of the parent cell.

Equal Cytokinesis: Two Daughter Cells of Similar Size

In most cell divisions, cytokinesis splits the cytoplasm roughly evenly between the two daughter cells.
This gives both cells a similar size and a similar set of resources to survive and function.
The division is symmetrical, so the daughter cells end up about the same size.
Each daughter cell receives a share of organelles, including at least one mitochondrion.
This is the usual pattern in somatic cell division, such as skin cells or root tip cells that grow and repair tissue.

Unequal Cytokinesis: One Large Cell and One Small Cell

In some divisions, cytokinesis splits the cytoplasm unequally, making daughter cells of different sizes.

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Cytokinesis Can Split a Cell Equally or Unequally

Definition

Cytokinesis

Cytokinesis is the process of dividing the cytoplasm of a parent cell into two daughter cells.

What Cytokinesis Divides

Cytokinesis is the step that splits one cell into two after the nucleus has divided.
It shares out the cytoplasm and organelles between the two daughter cells.
That share can be roughly equal or clearly unequal, and that is the focus of this topic.

Analogy

Imagine dividing a pizza between two friends.
You could cut it evenly, or hand one person a much bigger share.
Cytokinesis works the same way with the cytoplasm of the parent cell.

Equal Cytokinesis: Two Daughter Cells of Similar Size

In most cell divisions, cytokinesis splits the cytoplasm roughly evenly between the two daughter cells.
This gives both cells a similar size and a similar set of resources to survive and function.
The division is symmetrical, so the daughter cells end up about the same size.
Each daughter cell receives a share of organelles, including at least one mitochondrion.
This is the usual pattern in somatic cell division, such as skin cells or root tip cells that grow and repair tissue.

Unequal Cytokinesis: One Large Cell and One Small Cell

In some divisions, cytokinesis splits the cytoplasm unequally, making daughter cells of different sizes.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic D2.1.3: Equal and Unequal Cytokinesis Notes

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

Cytokinesis Can Split a Cell Equally or Unequally

What Cytokinesis Divides

Equal Cytokinesis: Two Daughter Cells of Similar Size

Unequal Cytokinesis: One Large Cell and One Small Cell

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Cytokinesis Can Split a Cell Equally or Unequally

What Cytokinesis Divides

Equal Cytokinesis: Two Daughter Cells of Similar Size

Unequal Cytokinesis: One Large Cell and One Small Cell

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account