IB Biology Topic D1.2.6 Roles of Mrna, Ribosomes and Trna in Translation Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic D1.2.6 Roles of Mrna, Ribosomes and Trna in Translation Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Translation depends on three cooperating molecules: mRNA carries the codons, ribosomes read them, and tRNA delivers the matching amino acids

During translation the cell builds a polypeptide by following the sequence of codons carried on mRNA.
Three molecules do the work: mRNA holds the instructions, ribosomes are the site of assembly, and tRNA brings the amino acids.

Analogy

The mRNA is the instruction manual telling the cell which parts to add and in what order.
The ribosome is the assembly station where the parts are joined.
Each tRNA is a delivery worker carrying one specific part (an amino acid) to the station.

mRNA carries the coded message from DNA to the ribosome

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded copy of a gene that carries genetic instructions from the DNA to the ribosome.
Its sequence is made of nucleotides carrying one of four bases: adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C) and guanine (G).
Codons are groups of three bases, and each codon specifies one amino acid or a start or stop signal.
1. The start codon AUG marks where translation begins.
2. The stop codons UAA, UAG and UGA mark where translation ends.

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IB Biology Topic D1.2.6: Roles of Mrna, Ribosomes and Trna in Translation Notes

Translation depends on three cooperating molecules: mRNA carries the codons, ribosomes read them, and tRNA delivers the matching amino acids

mRNA carries the coded message from DNA to the ribosome

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Translation depends on three cooperating molecules: mRNA carries the codons, ribosomes read them, and tRNA delivers the matching amino acids

mRNA carries the coded message from DNA to the ribosome

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic D1.2.6: Roles of Mrna, Ribosomes and Trna in Translation Notes

Translation depends on three cooperating molecules: mRNA carries the codons, ribosomes read them, and tRNA delivers the matching amino acids

mRNA carries the coded message from DNA to the ribosome

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Translation depends on three cooperating molecules: mRNA carries the codons, ribosomes read them, and tRNA delivers the matching amino acids

mRNA carries the coded message from DNA to the ribosome

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics