IB Biology Topic C3.2.16 Vaccines and Immunization Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic C3.2.16 Vaccines and Immunization Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

A Vaccine Teaches the Immune System to Fight a Pathogen Without Causing Disease

Definition

Vaccine

Vaccines are biological preparations that contain antigens or nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) from a pathogen.

A vaccine contains antigens from a pathogen, or the instructions to make one.
These antigens trigger a primary immune response and the formation of memory cells, without making you ill.
This gives active artificial immunity, because your own body makes the response after an artificial exposure.

The Four Main Types of Vaccine

Live attenuated vaccines contain a weakened pathogen and trigger a strong response, such as MMR.
Inactivated vaccines contain a killed pathogen and are safer for people with weak immune systems, such as the polio and flu vaccines.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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A Vaccine Teaches the Immune System to Fight a Pathogen Without Causing Disease

Definition

Vaccine

Vaccines are biological preparations that contain antigens or nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) from a pathogen.

A vaccine contains antigens from a pathogen, or the instructions to make one.
These antigens trigger a primary immune response and the formation of memory cells, without making you ill.
This gives active artificial immunity, because your own body makes the response after an artificial exposure.

The Four Main Types of Vaccine

Live attenuated vaccines contain a weakened pathogen and trigger a strong response, such as MMR.
Inactivated vaccines contain a killed pathogen and are safer for people with weak immune systems, such as the polio and flu vaccines.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic C3.2.16: Vaccines and Immunization Notes

A Vaccine Teaches the Immune System to Fight a Pathogen Without Causing Disease

The Four Main Types of Vaccine

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A Vaccine Teaches the Immune System to Fight a Pathogen Without Causing Disease

The Four Main Types of Vaccine

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics