Notes for B3.2.9 Distribution of tissues in a transverse section of the stem of a dicotyledonous plant - IB | RevisionDojo
B3.2.9 Distribution of tissues in a transverse section of the stem of a dicotyledonous plant Notes
Tissue Distribution in a Dicotyledonous Stem
A transverse section (T.S.) of a dicotyledonous (dicot) stem reveals the organized arrangement of tissues responsible for support, transport, and protection.
The main tissues include:
Epidermis (outer protective layer)
Cortex (storage and support)
Vascular bundles (xylem and phloem)
Pith (central region for storage)
Key Tissues and Their Arrangement in a Dicot Stem
Epidermis
Location: Outermost layer of cells, forming the skin of the plant.
Function: Protects the plant from physical damage, prevents water loss, and acts as a barrier to pathogens.
Structure: Single layer of cells, often with a waxy cuticle on the surface to reduce water loss.
Cortex
Location: Just beneath the epidermis, surrounding the vascular bundles.
Function: Primarily serves as storage of starch and other nutrients. It also provides some structural support to the stem.
Structure: Composed of loosely packed parenchyma cells, with some collenchyma and sclerenchyma cells for support.
Vascular Bundles
Location: Found scattered throughout the stem, arranged in a ring in most dicotyledons. Each bundle contains xylem and phloem.
Function: Vascular bundles transport water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant and also support the stem.
Structure: Each bundle is composed of xylem (on the inner side) and phloem (on the outer side), with a cambium layer in between, which is responsible for the plant’s secondary growth.
Pith
Location: Central region of the stem.
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Questions
Recap questions
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Question 1
Recap question
A mutation prevents the formation of a cuticle on the epidermis of a dicot stem. Which outcome best reflects this anatomical change?
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Note
Introduction to Dicotyledonous Plants
Dicotyledonous plants, commonly known as dicots, are one of the two major groups of flowering plants.
They are characterized by having two seed leaves or cotyledons.
Examples of dicots include sunflowers, roses, and oak trees.
Dicots exhibit a distinct arrangement of tissues in their stems, which is crucial for their growth and survival.
AnalogyThink of dicots as a two-layered cake, where the two seed leaves are like the two layers of cake that provide initial nourishment to the plant.
DefinitionDicotyledonous Plant: A type of flowering plant that has two seed leaves (cotyledons) and a characteristic arrangement of tissues in its stem.
