IB Biology Topic B3.2.6 Causes and Consequences of Occlusion of the Coronary Arteries Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic B3.2.6 Causes and Consequences of Occlusion of the Coronary Arteries Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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The Coronary Arteries Supply Oxygen to the Heart Muscle

Definition

Coronary arteries

Definition:

Coronary arteries are specialized vessels branching from the aorta.

The coronary arteries deliver oxygen-rich blood to the heart's muscular walls, the myocardium.
The heart contracts non-stop, so it needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to keep pumping.
Right coronary artery: supplies the right side of the heart.
Left coronary artery: divides into the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries, supplying the left side of the heart.

Analogy

Think of coronary arteries as irrigation channels for a farm.
If the channels are blocked, the crops (the heart muscle) do not get enough water (oxygen), leading to damage or failure.

Atherosclerosis: How Coronary Arteries Become Blocked

Coronary heart disease (CHD) occurs when the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, usually by atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis develops in stages:
1. Lipid deposition: saturated fats and cholesterol build up in the arterial walls, forming fatty streaks that grow into plaques.
2. Calcium impregnation: over time the plaques harden with calcium, reducing flexibility and narrowing the lumen.
Several risk factors speed up atherosclerosis:
1. Hypertension: high blood pressure damages arterial walls, making plaque more likely.

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IB Biology Topic B3.2.6: Causes and Consequences of Occlusion of the Coronary Arteries Notes

The Coronary Arteries Supply Oxygen to the Heart Muscle

Atherosclerosis: How Coronary Arteries Become Blocked

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The Coronary Arteries Supply Oxygen to the Heart Muscle

Atherosclerosis: How Coronary Arteries Become Blocked

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A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic B3.2.6: Causes and Consequences of Occlusion of the Coronary Arteries Notes

The Coronary Arteries Supply Oxygen to the Heart Muscle

Atherosclerosis: How Coronary Arteries Become Blocked

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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The Coronary Arteries Supply Oxygen to the Heart Muscle

Atherosclerosis: How Coronary Arteries Become Blocked

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics