Notes for A1.1.3 Cohesion of water molecules due to hydrogen bonding and consequences for organisms - IB | RevisionDojo
A1.1.3 Cohesion of water molecules due to hydrogen bonding and consequences for organisms Notes
Hydrogen Bonding Causes Cohesion
Definition
Cohesion
The attraction between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding.
In water, cohesion results from hydrogen bonds between water molecules.
Each water molecule can form hydrogen bonds with neighbouring water molecules.
These bonds hold water molecules together.
Consequence 1: Transport of Water Under Tension in Xylem
Cohesion enables water transport in plants through xylem vessels.
How It Works
Water evaporates from leaves through stomata (transpiration).
This creates tension (negative pressure) that pulls water upward through the xylem.
Hydrogen bonds between water molecules allow them to be pulled as a continuous column from roots to leaves.
This is called the cohesion-tension theory.
Why Cohesion Matters
Without cohesion, the water column would break under tension.
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Questions
Recap questions
1 of 5
Question 1
Recap question
Which type of bonding is primarily responsible for water’s unusually high surface tension compared to other small molecules?
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Note
Water is Transported Under Tension in Xylem
Plants rely on the cohesive property of water to move fluids upward without a pump.
This property allows water to travel upwards from roots to leaves, against gravity.
AnalogyThink of it like a chain: when you pull one end, the entire chain moves together.
DefinitionCohesionThe attraction between like molecules, such as water molecules sticking together.
ExampleTall trees like redwoods rely on cohesion to transport water to heights over 100 meters.
