IB Global Politics Topic Definitions and Views on Rights Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Global Politics Topic Definitions and Views on Rights Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Understanding Rights: A Foundational Concept

Definition

Rights

Rights are fundamental entitlements or freedoms that individuals possess, often considered essential for dignity, equality, and justice.

Legal Rights: Enshrined in laws and constitutions, enforceable by courts.
Moral Rights: Based on ethical principles, not always legally recognized.
Human Rights: Universal rights inherent to all humans, regardless of nationality, race, or religion.

Case study

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a landmark document that outlines fundamental human rights, serving as a global standard
Six Categories of Rights:
- Civil rights & liberties e.g., freedom of speech, equality before the law.
- Legal rights e.g., fair trial, legal assistance.
- Social rights e.g., education, health care.
- Political rights e.g., democratic participation, opinion and expression.
- Economic rights e.g., right to work, rest and leisure.
- Cultural and solidarity rights e.g., culture, community, international order.

UDHR Key Principles:
- Universal and inalienable: Rights belong to all humans and cannot be taken away.
- Indivisible: All rights are equally important and interconnected.
- Interdependent: Fulfilment of one right often depends on others.
- Participation & inclusion: Everyone has the right to be involved in decisions affecting their lives.
- Accountability & rule of law: States must be held accountable for rights violations.
Philosophical Roots:
- Based on natural rights theory: rights are inherent to all humans by virtue of being human, not granted by the state.
- Influenced by Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, who emphasized equality, freedom, and the right to life and property.
- Inspired by key historical events (e.g., American & French Revolutions, abolition of slavery in the US).

Interpretations of Rights

Universalism
1. Belief: Rights are universal and apply to all humans, regardless of culture or context.
2. Example: The UDHR asserts rights like freedom of speech and equality before the law as universal.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Understanding Rights: A Foundational Concept

Definition

Rights

Rights are fundamental entitlements or freedoms that individuals possess, often considered essential for dignity, equality, and justice.

Legal Rights: Enshrined in laws and constitutions, enforceable by courts.
Moral Rights: Based on ethical principles, not always legally recognized.
Human Rights: Universal rights inherent to all humans, regardless of nationality, race, or religion.

Case study

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a landmark document that outlines fundamental human rights, serving as a global standard
Six Categories of Rights:
- Civil rights & liberties e.g., freedom of speech, equality before the law.
- Legal rights e.g., fair trial, legal assistance.
- Social rights e.g., education, health care.
- Political rights e.g., democratic participation, opinion and expression.
- Economic rights e.g., right to work, rest and leisure.
- Cultural and solidarity rights e.g., culture, community, international order.

UDHR Key Principles:
- Universal and inalienable: Rights belong to all humans and cannot be taken away.
- Indivisible: All rights are equally important and interconnected.
- Interdependent: Fulfilment of one right often depends on others.
- Participation & inclusion: Everyone has the right to be involved in decisions affecting their lives.
- Accountability & rule of law: States must be held accountable for rights violations.
Philosophical Roots:
- Based on natural rights theory: rights are inherent to all humans by virtue of being human, not granted by the state.
- Influenced by Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, who emphasized equality, freedom, and the right to life and property.
- Inspired by key historical events (e.g., American & French Revolutions, abolition of slavery in the US).

Interpretations of Rights

Universalism
1. Belief: Rights are universal and apply to all humans, regardless of culture or context.
2. Example: The UDHR asserts rights like freedom of speech and equality before the law as universal.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Core: Understanding power and global politics6 subtopics

Rights and Justice4 subtopics

Development and Sustainability4 subtopics

Peace and Conflict4 subtopics

Assessment Guides4 subtopics

IA Engagement Project1 subtopic

IB Global Politics Definitions and Views on Rights Notes

Core: Understanding power and global politics6 subtopics

Rights and Justice4 subtopics

Development and Sustainability4 subtopics

Peace and Conflict4 subtopics

Assessment Guides4 subtopics

IA Engagement Project1 subtopic

Understanding Rights: A Foundational Concept

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

Interpretations of Rights

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Understanding Rights: A Foundational Concept

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

Interpretations of Rights

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account