Research question is sharply focused, specifying beetroot and measurement wavelengths within a biochemical context.
Introduction situates membrane permeability in a specific, appropriate biochemical framework.
Methodology description is exceptionally detailed, with exact volumes, timings, instruments, and dilution calculations allowing full replication.
Rationale for ethanol concentration range and chosen wavelengths is clearly explained.
No justification provided for selecting five replicates rather than another number.
Risk assessment omits procedures to prevent ethanol evaporation and to manage chemical spills or skin irritation.
Raw absorbance data are clearly tabulated with trial numbering, units, and instrument uncertainties.
Processed data (means, standard deviations, error bars, regression statistics) are presented in well-labelled tables and graphs, enhancing clarity.
Major transcription/calculation errors (e.g., inconsistent mean values) undermine data accuracy.
Uncertainty propagation is incomplete, conflating instrument tolerance with random error without combined uncertainty calculation.
High percentage uncertainties at low absorbance are listed but not discussed in context.
Conclusion directly addresses the research question, stating the relationship between ethanol concentration and membrane permeability.
Comparison to literature values and discussion of wavelength-dependent robustness demonstrate engagement with scientific context.
Conclusion does not acknowledge calculation errors that affect its consistency with the analysis.
Lacks deeper critical evaluation of discrepancies between observed data and literature.
Evaluation identifies specific methodological weaknesses (e.g., hand-cut variability, use of indirect pigment proxy).
Proposed improvements (e.g., cork borer, fluorescent dyes) are realistic and directly linked to identified limitations.
Does not explain the relative impact or magnitude of each methodological weakness on the results.
Improvements lack quantitative justification of how much they would reduce error.
